https://www.advantour.com/silkroad/dyeing-of-silk-fabrics.htm The main natural red dye in ancient China was the substance received from madder root. By the end of Han epoch Chinese also used safflower to obtain red fabrics. It came to China as a result of contacts with the West. Jinzi fruits were used for getting yellow color; ochre – for dark red, mineral dye baionma or xuanjun were needed for white.
By the Qing Dynasty (1616-1912), there were more than ten kinds of dyes used to dye textiles. The most frequently used dyes were safflower, sappanwood, bud of pagoda tree, amur cork, turmeric, indigo, gallnut and top of oak tree fruit. Among them, pagoda tree and amur cork are special East Asian plant dyestuffs.