Hello,
The debarkation does not take long. We were all invited in the lounge early in the morning (at 5 am) and after a quick breakfast we took a bus to the cruise terminal (5 minutes), then 10 minutes to pick the luggages, and then a 30 minutes ride with a bus to Jeddah Airport. In total, from the ship to the airport, it takes about one hour. Our transfers were organized by MSC.
In Aqaba, when you take an official excursion with MSC, the visa is included in the price. For Saudi Arabia, you need a visa. I did the visa request (online, easy to do) on myself as MSC told be a few days before the cruise that they were overwhelmed and they could not do it for me.
Bests