euro cruiser

As Cruiser Bruce notes, these are two different licenses in Italy, and even if one person happens to hold both they cannot employ them simultaneously. It would be extremely expensive to have both, unless cost is no object I'd seriously consider which is more important to you.

The shuttle buses at the fort are for ferry passengers, they are not supposed to go to the cruise terminals. Maybe some do, but you can't count on it. Also, if your ship is berthed at the northern slot, you can't get anything but a cruise shuttle to go up there.

Just to be clear, are you looking for a driver, a guide, or both?

You might want to repost your question on the Hotels in Rome thread here:

Okay. To start with, only one train company services Civitavecchia and that's Trenitalia. They offer different types of trains between Rome and Civitavecchia, primarily Regionals, InterCities, and Frecce (high speed trains). The Regionals (including RV-fast regionals) are the least expensive and the slowest trains, they make many stops en route and depart from the Lazio auxiliary tracks at Termini, three city blocks from the main track head. There are no seat assignments, these trains cannot sell out and are often very crowded. The next step up are the IC trains, which make only one stop between Termini and Civitavecchia. These trains are seat assigned and they leave from the main track head at Termini. Finally there are the Frecce trains, which go non-stop from Termini to Civitavecchia, These are also seat assigned and depart from the main track head at Civitavecchia. Once at Civitavecchia you can take the 6 euro Port Mobility bus direct to your ship, or you can walk one mile to the Largo della Pace port bus depot, where you can get a free shuttle bus to your ship.

If you're looking for inexpensive, the bus would be your best option, but I question how wise that is after an already long travel day. The easiest train option, if the timing works for you, is the 13:53 direct train from Fiumicino to Florence. It's also the most expensive option, at 64 euro per person for last minute tickets. The least expensive train options are 32 euro per person, for a regional train from the airport to Rome Tiburtina, and another regional from there. The least expensive overall option is probably the bus, but Flixbus only has one direct a day and it's not until 3:30 PM, so you'd likely waste a lot of time waiting at the airport. You could also take the train into Rome Tiburtina and a bus from there.

The most important reason to NOT purchase train tickets for travel immediately after a flight is that you have no control over what time you would be ready to travel. Reduced fare train tickets are highly or completely inflexible. In most cases the ticket is useless if you miss the train. There are so many trains per hour between Rome and Florence that there is zero chance of getting shut out.

I'm just returning from a trip now, I'll come back with a detailed response to your questions when I have my computer.

That's a short day. You also haven't shared the time of year, but even so, I think you can reasonably expect to get to Pompei and Sorrento, but Positano is a bridge too far.

There is no way a trip from Muratella to Rome would include a Trenord train, something must be wrong, maybe a spelling error in your input? You can get to Roma Trastevere or Ostiense without a change, beyond that will require a second train, a metro, a tram or a bus.

I found some of it in English but I think you have to use the Italian language page for the ZTL info: https://www.aci.it/laci/driving-in-italy/driving-in-italy-information-for-visiting-motorists.html

Educate yourself on ZTLs before driving anywhere in Italy. This link is in Italian but Google translate will make it clear enough: https://www.aci.it/laci/driving-in-italy/guidare-in-italia-informazioni-per-i-turisti-stranieri.html

I do know the street, I went to a language school near there and walked that way every day. As Hank says, it's about a half mile on foot from the cruise port. If you wish, you can walk through the new metro station to avoid crossing the main street, exiting onto Via Medina. If you don't have a cell phone with a data plan, I'm pretty sure you can make the map and download it onto your phone before you leave home. Or simply print out a hard copy and carry it with you. Your starting point is Molo Angioino, the cruise port.

No, you've got it right. You'll be getting off of the regional train to the airport before the last stop within the zone. I don't know for sure if you can buy the BIRG from the machines, I think I've heard people say that, but I have no experience of it myself. I have bought it from the newsstand in the station.

Unfortunately, when you book through a third party like Expedia the hotel will not assign you a specific room, you get what is available when you arrive. I learned this the hard way and have booked directly with hotels ever since, though I often use the booking platforms to get an overview of options and prices. Hotel Smart Cruise in Civitavecchia: Close to Port and Cruises Departure Terminal - Hotel a Civitavecchia