Our experience, your milage may vary.
1) $4.95 for breakfast, $9.95 all other times. Order as much as you want.
2) Anytime is anytime. Just hope there aren't 200 people in front of you.
3) You can't choose your flights, but you can get a 1–2-day deviation to get you there early or leave late. They will not provide transportation to the ship if you have a deviation. I don't know about your 4-day.
4) Plenty. Only the main shows can be pre-booked at 21-days.
5) If you only have one, choose Le Bistro. Book it at 120-days.
6) There will not be a lot if kids on an early November cruise in Europe.
7) Pearl is larger than Spirit, but still considered small. You will love it.
8 Muster is get your card scanned at your station and watch a video.